Abstract：Social organizations are playing an increasingly prominent role in providing differentiated public goods and services, making up for "market failure" and "government inefficiency". This study explores spatial-temporal evolution characteristics and the main influence factors of China's NGOs including social groups, foundations and private non-enterprises in 31 provincial regions from 2004 to 2017 by using Theil index, standard deviation ellipse and panel data regression method. The results are as follows:Firstly, the total amount of social organizations in China and its three sub-types all show a rapid growth, but the growth rate of social organizations shows a downward-upward-downward-upward spiral change. Secondly, the development of social organizations in China is presented in the pattern of "more in east and less in west" or "stronger in east and weaker in west". The large difference within the region has a large variation range, while the differences in the eastern region have a great contribution to it. Thirdly, China's NGOs including social groups, foundations and private non-enterprises emerged in a pattern of northeast-southwest, and the standard deviation ellipse of social organization and social group has obvious southward tendency. Fourthly, economic development, marketization and the level of opening up are significantly positively related to the development of social organizations, What's more, the development of social organizations is also affected by related policies and natural disasters.
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